Habitable camera obscuras. A comparative analysis of the spatial determinants that influences contemplative experiences

Abstract

This article analyzes habitable camera obscuras created by contemporary artists Chris Drury, Nilu Izadi, Olafur Eliasson, and James Turrell, who, since the 1990s, have explored how to reconnect visitors with the optical phenomenon through immersive aesthetic experiences, developed in the context of the hyperconnected post-photographic era. This study addresses a gap in the literature: while these camera obscuras are only part of each artist’s broader body of work, they have not previously been analyzed collectively or with a focus on their ability to foster contemplative experiences. Within this framework, the analysis identifies shared elements and previously unexplored trends. The methodology included creating 3D models of the works, categorizing them based on spatial and perceptual characteristics, and identifying recurring patterns. The results highlight key trends: minimal sizes, compact forms, and the integration of natural landscapes, even in urban settings, all designed to generate immersive and soothing experiences. This analysis provides a theoretical and methodological foundation for understanding how design decisions facilitate contemplative experiences, contributing to the fields of contemporary art and architecture. Furthermore, it opens new avenues for research in neurophenomenology and aesthetics, exploring the impact of these structures on perception and human well-being.